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This is a study on heritages in Surakarta city with the focus on the typology of batik’s traditional houses in the Laweyan district which is well known as the Javanese’straditional batik cloth manufacture. This area was strongly influenced by several especially western building styles such as Baroque, Neoclassic, Art Deco, Jugendstil, Romanic Ornament and others. The strong western influence on the housing style surely has its roots in the durative colonialisation politics in Java. Yet further factors play a decisive role such as the economical boom of the batik industry in the early 20th century. On the other side parameters like the cultural background of the Laweyan’s society and the tropical climate were playing a big role in the long process that created the unique style of Laweyan Craftsmen houses, where colonialistic and traditional housing style have been combined, transformed and melted for years.
The aim of this work is to define topological key elements of Laweyan craftsmen houses, to mark their historical and cultural roots. A complete and detailed documentation of 15-20 batiks houses in the Laweyan district has been collected, to enable following researchers, planners, conservationists and historians to take further approach related to the issue of architectural,urban-historical and socio-economical.
-Batik´s Process and its space
" Tumbas ondo wonten peken, batik lurik cakra gajah "
" Monggo di pun lestarekaken, batik warisane simbah "
©bh2008
The Laweyan area was ruled under the kingdom of Pajang , Islamic Mataram in the 16 century. This area was an important place for the development of the Pajang kingdom as an economic backbone through the trading activities.In this area there where the graves of Pakubuwono II one of the first king of Surakarta kingdom and Kyai Ageng Henis the ancestor of Mataram.
The trading activity in this era is that beside the inland transport there was also water transport. The river in the south of Laweyan was one of the important routes during the time.The name “Laweyan” came from the word “lawe” which is mean cotton. Cotton wasbeing spinning and become plain cloth called “ Mori”.
The golden age of Laweyan as central batik Industry was in the early 20th century. One of the inventions from this area concerning batik industry was the stamp for batik or in Javanese called cap batik that replaces canting, a wax pen for draw the pattern. Since then the batik industry was in phase of modernization. Since then, the idea of “ batik sandang” or batik convection has been established (Heryanto,1999). The present remaining settlements in Laweyan area are still indicating of the early 20th century of merchants settlements. However the old Bandar was already moved from the original location The previous Bandar was located along to the riverside but the new Bandar is located along the main street that connects the Surakarta city to the Kartasura ( nowadays: Rajiman streets).This street also separated the laweyan area into two kampongs, Sondakan kampong in the north side and laweyan kampong in the south side of the main street. At the present time those kampongs are already became two different village.
The batiks industry widely was turning out to be the main industry that bear the biggest societies income. Especially The batiks industry was become the occupation of the people in Laweyan.
In the early 19th century, the golden age of the batik manufacture in Surakarta was also influence by fame of the Mataram kingdom which becomes the attention of the Javanese society. The Kingdom has lots of demand of the batiks product for the cultural symbol.
In the early 20th century the batik industry was in the golden age of production, it has clearly expressed into the development of the Laweyan houses. When having a look to the laweyan houses, there will be found the remain of batik manufacture in 1930s.The appearance of the building indicate a combination among European, tropical Javanese. At the present times almost all of those houses are in poor condition. When the descendant quit became a batik merchant, some of the houses were modificated according to their later use.
- Photos some of the houses
- Amalgamation of House and Style
- Massive and Void
-Symmetric and Asymmetric
- Transformation
Taken from :
Hernowo,J.B.G.B.(2003) Raweeyan Okeru
Chiiki Shokunin no Juutaku no Ruikei, Typology of Laweyan Craftsman
House, Central Java Indonesia, master ´s thesis Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan.
UNDER CONSTRUCTION!!!
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